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Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (baptized 26 May 1689 – 21 August 1762) was an English aristocrat, letter writer and poet. Lady Mary is today chiefly remembered for her letters, particularly her letters from travels to the Ottoman Empire, as wife to the British ambassador to Turkey, which have been described by Billie Melman as “the very first example of a secular work by a woman about the Muslim Orient”.〔Melman, Billie. ''Women's Orients: English Women and the Middle East, 1718-1918''. University of Michigan Press. 1992. Print.〕. Aside from her writing, Lady Mary is also known for introducing and advocating for smallpox inoculation to Britain after her return from Turkey. Her writings usually address and challenge the hindering contemporary social attitudes towards women and their intellectual and social growth.
== Early life and education ==
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Mary Pierrepont, was born in May 1689; her baptism took place on 26 May, at a few days old, at St. Paul's Church in Covent Garden.〔Grundy, Isobel. Lady Mary Wortley Montague, p. 5. Oxford University Press, 1999. Print.〕 She was the eldest child of Evelyn Pierrepont, 5th Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, and his first wife, Mary (Fielding) Pierrepont. Her mother had three more children, two girls and a boy, before dying in October 1692.〔Grundy, Isobel.''Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.〕. The children were raised by their Pierrepont grandmother until Mary was nine years old. Lady Mary was then passed to the care of her father upon her grandmother's death.〔Grundy, Isobel. ''Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley.'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.〕.. She began her education in her father's home. Family holdings were extensive, including Thoresby Hall and Holme Pierrepont Hall in Nottinghamshire, and a house in West Dean in Wiltshire. To supplement the instruction of a despised governess, Lady Mary used the library in her father’s mansion, Thoresby Hall in Nottinghamshire, to “steal” her education, teaching herself Latin, a language reserved for men at the time.〔Grundy, Isobel. ''Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley.'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.〕. By 1705, at the age of fourteen or fifteen, Mary Pierrepont had written two albums filled with poetry, a brief epistolary novel, and a prose-and-verse romance modeled after Aphra Behn's ''Voyage to the Isle of Love'' (1684).〔Grundy, Isobel. ''Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu.'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.〕 She also corresponded with two bishops, Thomas Tenison and Gilbert Burnet.〔Grundy, Isobel. ''Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley.'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.〕
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